The objective of this study is evaluating two different graft materials, allograft and alloplastic bone substitutes, for ARP. A 49-year-old female patient required a replacement of her left mandibular first premolar (tooth 34) with a dental implant. An intraoral examination revealed a radix at 34. A 67-year-old male presented with the complaint of a fractured tooth (tooth 36) and requested a dental implant. In Case 1, atraumatic extraction of radix 34 was performed simultaneously with a partial thickness flap. Allograft material was augmented in the socket, and the wound was covered by an equine-derived pericardium membrane and sutured. In Case 2, atraumatic extraction of tooth 36 was performed simultaneously with ARP using alloplastic material and collagen. The bio-col technique was applied. The use of allograft and alloplastic bone substitute materials in ARP can prevent loss of alveolar bone height and width.
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